In a growing number of countries, inquiries into past intercountry adoptions take place that identify systemic abuses and irregularities and conclude that adoption stakeholders encouraged or facilitated illegal intercountry adoptions. However, so far, the response from these stakeholders has been inadequate in addressing the profound human rights violations endured by those affected by illegal adoptions. Despite the growing movement of adoptees advocating for justice on behalf of themselves a...

Online Dispute Resolution - Theory and Practice is intended to provide an in-depth analysis and overview of not only the past and present but also the future of Online Dispute Resolution. It serves as a guide to scholars and practitioners having an interest in the interplay between dispute resolution, ICTs and AI applications. The book employs international, comparative, empirical, and interdisciplinary approaches to a myriad of legal and technical issues across the ODR spectrum. ODR is a fie...

Increasingly, teachers, youth workers, and social workers are being called on to ‘build resilience to radicalisation’. But, what does this actually mean? What is resilience to radicalisation, how can it be built, and whose role is it?

Drawing on an interdisciplinary analysis of policies and the perspectives of practitioners themselves, this book offers a fresh look at these questions. Through unpacking different ways of thinking about resilience to radicalisation, this book aims to bring ...

More than 10.74 million people globally are detained in penal institutions. An estimated 40% to 90% of these detainees suffer from mental illness. This makes the prevalence of mental disorder in detainees extremely high compared with the general population (18% to 29%). As a consequence, defendants and detainees with mental illness are not ‘yet another vulnerable group’ that should be ‘taken into account’ in developing laws and policies On the contrary, they are a dominant force and t...

International crimes cause widespread victimisation and destruction, leading to social disruption that may take generations to repair. Over the years, the international community has established international courts to end the culture of impunity in relation to such crimes and to enforce a culture of accountability. A critical success factor for these courts is to ensure that they are perceived as legitimate in post-conflict societies.

Established after the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi eth...

Addiction is pervasively present within the criminal justice sector, resulting in legal professionals regularly dealing with addicted defendants. Yet addiction is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon, resulting in controversies regarding its conceptualisation, and thus difficulties in addressing addiction-related crime in court. Over the last decades, addiction has increasingly been conceptualised as a brain disease, which arguably could alter the law’s current approach towards the crimin...

This volume contains the proceedings of the 64th Colloquium on the Law of Outer Space held virtually in October 2021, as well as the report of the IISL Standing Committee on the Status of International Agreements Relating to Activities in Outer Space.

On 27 January 1186 the German king Henry VI, son and heir of the Roman Emperor Frederick I ‘Barbarossa’, married Constance of Hauteville, heir to the throne of Sicily, in the Basilica of St Ambrose in Milan. The royal wedding sealed the union of the Kingdom of Sicily and the Holy Roman Empire, creating an enormous empire stretching from the shores of the North Sea to the beaches of Africa. The union also incited a major geopolitical conflict dominating European politics in the thirteenth ...

This book is the last book Jan Lokin wrote. Lokin had written on and off about the theme of codification throughout his career. He started writing about codification in 1984 and returned to the theme with this book. The term codification itself was coined by Jeremy Bentham. So, it is a bit of an anachronism to use the term codification in connection with the law codes of Theodosius II and Justinian, but it nevertheless describes these codes very well, as Lokin shows. He studied the two codifi...

Invasive alien species constitute the greatest threat to marine biodiversity after habitat destruction. The problem today is growing tremendously, as the introduction of these species is accelerated by activities related to globalisation, such as trade, transport, and tourism. The current book presents possibilities to stimulate the international regime to address the problematic alien invasive species issue. Apart from the relevant multilateral environmental treaties and soft law instruments...