A E I OU Articles, Essays, Interviews and Out-takes. The name itself says something of the nature of Tony Fretton's collected writing.

As an architect he has said 'Words, the most collective form of communication, thread their way through the projects, in explanations to clients and constructors, and as my means, along with drawings, of explaining the projects to my collaborators, to myself and to the wider world.'

As Professor of Architectural Design-Interiors at TU Delft, he wrote: 'Interi...

For both Jo Kruger (1914–1983) and Rob Hootsmans (1962) the architecture of the Courthouse in Zwolle, the Netherlands, was a long time in the making. Kruger began in 1963 with his project for a combined district and subdistrict court, which took fourteen years to be completed. In 2004, while still working for the Government Building Agency, Hootsmans began exploring how Kruger’s building could be expanded. He finished a new extension in 2013, and completed the renovation of Kruger’s ori...

Architecture has always been found in a space between its economic and cultural values. As distinct from the intrinsic values attributed to the visual and performing arts, literature and music, architecture's values are often seen to be compromised by, or contingent upon, forces outside of the discipline—on property prices, real estate markets and the vicissitudes of local and global economies. Such intersections of cultural and economic values are especially conspicuous in architectural he...

Al meer dan vijftig jaar is het Sjanghaipark een groene vrijplaats tussen de moderne stempels van Utrecht-Overvecht. Buurtbewoners en kunstenaars formuleerden samen het ongebruikelijke uitgangspunt: de identiteit van dit park ligt niet vast, maar vormt zich doorlopend. Naar het spel van kinderen, de wandelgang van ouderen, de planten die aanwaaien, kortom naar de tijd. Daarmee deed het Sjanghaipark aan placemaking avant la lettre en was het park al klimaatbestendig toen daar nog geen beleid v...

'Reuse to Reduce. Architecture within a Carbon Budget. The Case of BioPartner 5'is a plea by Popma ter Steege Architects to embrace the circular transition as a chance for a more meaningful architecture. An architecture that employs the necessary reuse of building materials to rethink our needs, way of building and aesthetics. It is a plea for design shaped by planetary boundaries and the use of a carbon budget as a tool for this. It wants to help shift the discourse on circularity towards de...

This is a multi-disciplinary study that adopts an innovative and original approach to a highly topical question, that of meaning-making in museums, focusing its attention on pedagogy and visual culture. This work explores such questions as:How and why is it that museums select and arrange artefacts, shape knowledge, construct a view?How do museums produce values? How do active audiences make meaning from what they experience in museums?This stimulating book provokes debate and discussion on t...