The credit rating industry called for many debates on its civil liability since the origin of the industry at the beginning of the twentieth century. In 2013, the Union legislature introduced a right to damages, which issuers and investors can directly enforce against credit rating agencies under Article 35a CRA Regulation. This provision has drawn attention because of its remarkable structure: Article 35a CRA Regulation introduced a legal ground for civil liability at the European level, whi...

The title of this book, Fair and Just Solutions?, refers to the norm for the assessment of ownership claims to Nazi-looted art as codified in the so-called Washington Principles in 1998:

If the pre-War owners of art that is found to have been confiscated by the Nazis and not subsequently restituted, or their heirs, can be identified, steps should be taken expeditiously to achieve a just and fair solution, recognizing this may vary according to the facts and circumstances surrounding a specific...

This book provides a roadmap of the law applicable to the food sector in the EU. Rules and regulations are to be found at the international level, the European level and the private sector level. National legislation of the individual Member States is not covered in this book. International food law largely is a meta-framework providing models and setting limits to the way states and other entities, such as the EU, regulate the food sector. The Codex Alimentarius plays a central role at the i...

In his valedictory lecture, The Roundabouts of European Law and Economics, Prof. Dr Roger Van den Bergh critically reflects upon three decades of research in European Law and Economics. He discusses the difficult reception of economic analysis of law in the 1980s-1990s, the spectacular growth of Law and Economics in both academia and policy circles at the turn of the millennium and the recent impact of behavioural economics on policy-making. Examples from different areas of law illustrate maj...

Climate change and other forms of environmental degradation, such as earthquakes and soil erosion, in combination with other factors, such as poverty, lack of government action and armed conflict, can lead to forced migration. The protection of these environmental refugees requires a different approach than that of ‘traditional war refugees’. Most environmental refugees are internally displaced. As a result, developing countries that are hit hardest by the negative effects of climate chan...

Major processes of transformation in the legal system of Cyprus have only begun as a result of the effects of the financial crisis, despite initial hopes of combining accession with modernization of the law. Over-indebtedness problems and court congestion have been the impetus for change, with the EU having a major role in the adopted solutions.

This book aims at examining the impact of European contract law and civil procedure upon the legal system of Cyprus, taking into account its mixed el...