Climate change and other forms of environmental degradation, such as earthquakes and soil erosion, in combination with other factors, such as poverty, lack of government action and armed conflict, can lead to forced migration. The protection of these environmental refugees requires a different approach than that of ‘traditional war refugees’. Most environmental refugees are internally displaced. As a result, developing countries that are hit hardest by the negative effects of climate chan...

This volume contains the proceedings of the 62nd Colloquium on the Law of Outer Space held in Washington DC, USA in October 2019, as well as the report of the IISL Standing Committee on the Status of International Agreements Relating to Activities in Outer Space and the Report of the IISL Working Group on Cyber Law.

Struggles over resources are not new for indigenous peoples. One of the latest arenas for recognition of their rights regards their intangibles, such as the protection of their traditional cultural expressions (TCEs). Most attention for protection from unauthorised use has occurred in the sphere of intellectual property law, notably copyright law. However, both protection arguments and context indicate wider implications of the issue, which include preservation of cultural heritage and exerci...