‘The time of the great debates about the origins of the Great War is over,’ German historian Oliver Janz wrote in 2013; but nothing proved less true. German historian Fritz Fischer had already, in the 1960s, caused a ‘controversy’ by attributing to Germany a ‘substantial’ and even a ‘decisive’ share in the outbreak of the war; but his work was only based on German sources. We had to wait till the early 21st century before academic studies appeared about the Russian (in 2011) a...

Andris Kursietis has been a researcher of military history for almost fifty years, using resources that span the globe. His latest book, “God, Honour, Fatherland” provides biographical information about the senior officers of the Polish armed forces during the period starting in 1918, when Poland regained its independence from the shackles of Russia, Germany and Austria-Hungary, and ending in 1939 when Hitler’s armies invaded Poland, precipitating World War II. The book contains informa...

The Chinese revolution of 1925-27 remains the greatest event of modern history after the 1917 revolution in Russia. Over the problems of the Chinese revolution the basic currents of Communism come to clash. The present official leader of the Comintern, Stalin, has revealed his true stature in the events of the Chinese revolution. The basic documents pertaining to the Chinese revolution are dispersed, scattered, forgotten. Some are carefully concealed.

About 1 million inhabitants of the Soviet Union collaborated with the Nazis. This is a remarkable fact, because the Nazis, thanks to their racial policy, could not really be considered allies. And yet it happened. The aversion to Bolshevism and the hope for new freedom opened up a horizon in which collaboration between the Soviet peoples and the Germans seemed to offer a better alternative than the ‘Soviet paradise’. Historical oppression and bloody experiences played a major role in this...

There are several biographies about Erich Ludendorff. What most of them have in common is that they stop at the year 1918, the end of the First World War. This is un-justified. At the peak of his long career, between 1915 and roughly 1925, Ludendorff developed into the strongest man on the ‘right’. Thus, the years after the war were also of great importance. He was not only an important general who, with Paul von Hin-denburg, was in supreme command of Germany’s de facto military leaders...