Since the economic shifts of the 1990s, New Towns have become an increasingly popular approach to urban development across the African continent. While New Towns are not a new development model, their contemporary materialisation often targets middle- and high-income buyers, leaving no space for low-income residents. Strict regulations in these exclusive developments often impede spatial appropriations by the informal sector such as fresh markets, unregulated housing, street kiosks and ‘pub...

To meet the growing rigid demand of urban housing, urban renewal has played a significant role, which significantly promotes the urban prosperity in China. However, at the same time, many problems occurred through large-scale urban renewal projects. To avoid unintended consequences that occurred in urban renewal, how these decisions were made can be one key focus. To better achieve the goal of sustainability, this research aims to deepen the understanding of urban renewal decision-making in C...

This research introduces the concept of visibility as a useful tool to assess the democratic features of public spaces. It understands democratic public spaces as open spaces, which are accessible to all and allow different cultural expressions for individuals and groups. The concept of visibility refers to the visual perception of the observable features of distinctive urban groups in public space, which give evidence of how these groups engage with, shape, and construct public space. The re...

This thesis proposes a framework to address the design process in design education. Building upon the assumption that teachers, being professional designers, do not discuss the design process in the architectural design studio and do not have a vocabulary to do so, five generic elements or anchor points are defined which represent the basic design skills. The validity of the framework and the assumption is tested respectively in interviews with a variety of designers and in observations of di...

Introductie | De gebouwde omgeving wordt energieneutraal en circulair, daarvoor zijn renovatie­concepten nodig. Voor hoogbouw woningen is hierover weinig kennis beschikbaar. Het onderzoek richt zich op Nederlandse Wederopbouw hoogbouw systeemwoningen uit de periode 1950-1975 met focus op het ruimtelijk energetische deel van een industrieel gericht upgradeconcept.

Methoden | Het onderzoek is ingedeeld in Flat 1.0 (bestaande hoogbouwsystemen), Flat 2.0 (comfort upgradingen) en Flat 3.0 (gebou...