Boek-2... RIVERS OF CIVILIZATION FROM THE AFRO-NEAR EAST TO EUROPE...

This history is intended for students and their academic teachers and those in the general public who are interested in having a highlighted chronological panoramic view of from where the human capacity for creating civilizations is coming ever since anatomically modern humans came into the picture at the earliest about 200,000 years ago. Volumes Book-1 and Book-2 specifically deal with Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals. Book-1 begins with a summary that accentuates the last phenomenal 200 years of paradigm shifts that has advanced the world to increased higher standards of living and radical lifestyle changes to a social realm of digital AI-artificial intelligence and Robotics and what this has for the state the world is in presently and for its future scientifically, technologically, politically and culturally as of the year 2020. Prehistoric cave drawing and figurine art is touched upon after Cro-Magnon encountered archaic Neanderthals in Europe and replaced them about 40,000 years ago and evolved into modern humans with their artwork during the Paleolithic and Mesolithic Ages to about 11,000 year ago and the melting of the Last Ice Age when the Neolithic farmers from the Near East migrated across the Asia Minor-Anatolian bridge of culture and civilization and were followed by the Eurasian or Indoasian Indoeuropeans. And the main thrust of the text deals with the historical empires of the ancient Egyptians, Hittites and Mesopotamia Assyrians and Babylonians and Persians and their significant influence on the ancient Archaic-Classical Greeks--and theirs on the Hellenist Greco-Macedonians--and theirs on the Latin Western Romans and Greek Eastern Roman-“Byzantines” that impacted the Germanic, Slavic and Romance peoples of Europe especially when Christianity became the dominant religion during the Middle Ages and until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. And now the Greeks relayed the glorious torch of civilization to the Italians of the Renaissance who took their turn to remarkably affect Europe in all its cultural facets. The focus is on the art and architecture created during the rule of its royal and religious patrons and instead of providing lavish illustrations and maps a format has been adapted to the internet in which the most important monuments of creation are written in bold capital letters and by virtue of contemporary digital devices can be accessed to browse their several websites that offer much more in the way of photos and information of their creators and the referenced authors who discuss them. And the underlying theme is to see how each European country arrived at its individual self-identifying styles in art and architecture into the 1800s when their townscapes are easy to distinguish while journeying through Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals.